Wood tenoning machines. Homemade tenoning machine

The woodworking round-stick machine (vortex head) KPS-1 is designed for the production of round wooden rods, cuttings, dowels (dowels) with a diameter of 28 to 40 mm of almost any length from corresponding blanks (square bars) of any type of wood.

On the round rod machine (vortex head) KPS-1, a huge assortment of all kinds of handles, rods, handles and other auxiliary components is produced for a large range of products used in the national economy.

The quality of the processed surface of the finished product requires almost no additional finishing.

Type of wood processed: - any

Finish diameter of processed bars:

Vortex head speed: - 4500 rpm

Number of vortex head cutters: - 3 pcs.

Workpiece feeding: - manual

Cost of drawings: 15

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To form cylindrical products from square blanks, a round rod machine is needed. This type of equipment is used for the manufacture of various types of holders, furniture elements and building materials.

Design features

All models of circular saws belong to woodworking equipment. Structurally, they consist of a feed unit and a cutting part. Processing of the material occurs by removing excess wood from the surface of the workpiece.

The base is a frame made of cast iron or steel sheets, where the power plant is located, as well as some control elements. The material is supplied to the processing zone through a system of rollers arranged in two rows. To optimize the work process, a similar feeding system is often installed after the material passes through the processing unit. The latter is a shaft on which cutting knives are mounted. During their rotation, a cylindrical part is formed.

Before starting work, the round rod machine must go through certain adjustment stages.

1. Selection of cutting tool. It can be of two types - roughing or for finishing. In the second case, the edges of the blades are smooth.
2. Fixing wooden blanks. For this purpose, faceplates, centers or guide rollers are used. The latter are more popular as they have a wide range of sizes.
3. Setting machine parameters. These include the rotation speed of the cutting tool and the amount of displacement of the wooden part along the guides.

To obtain a good result, it is recommended to do several stages of processing. During the roughing process, the primary layer is removed and the required configuration is formed. During finishing, the part takes on the desired shape. Sanding is often not necessary afterwards.

To fasten cutting tools, it is best to use chucks with sliding jaws. They make it possible to install cutters or blades of various sizes, which will increase the functionality of the equipment.

Design of different components of a four-sided machine

To understand how the equipment works, it is necessary to consider the design features of the machine, which includes a large number of components, the main ones of which we will consider in more detail.

Cast iron bed

At the base of the machine there is cast iron

, it may have a different alloy and inserts, but it necessarily absorbs a certain amount of vibration during equipment operation and, due to its large mass, almost reduces it to zero. For feeding timber, the material from which the loading table is made is also important. For more convenient work, there may be auxiliary elements on the table: pressure rollers, a ruler, and so on.

Tools

The number of spindles in a woodworking machine can be set from 4 to 8 or more. All of them, taking into account the model, are installed in different working units with independent electric motors. The spindles are fixed in a cantilever manner. The number of spindles depends on the complexity of the profile, the thickness of the wood removed and the needs during processing of the timber.

In a four-sided longitudinal milling machine there are working rollers, which are divided into: right and left, upper and lower. The main ones in the design are rollers with spindles, which are located below horizontally and on the right vertically. The exact number of planing and shaping elements provided in the equipment determines its power, productivity and class.

.

In the range of different manufacturers of four-sided machines, there is universal equipment with an element that can replace any of the vertical or horizontal spindles. It can process the product at an angle, that is, it acts as an inclined roller.

At the customer's request, a saw shaft can be installed on some equipment models. This device can cut a wide product to length, which allows you to create material with the correct geometric shape

and the required section.

Feeder

Pulling, feeding and unloading of products in four-sided woodworking equipment is driven. All work is done using pressure and toothed rubberized rollers. This system can be controlled from a remote control, but the price for these computerized devices is higher.

Control and security system

The protective cover reduces noise during timber processing and also protects the operator from various injuries. The sight glass can be additionally equipped with illumination.

The woodworking four-sided machine is controlled from the panel. Depending on the equipment model, you can perform several actions from the control panel: feed speed

products to tools, setting the dimensions of the processed timber, setting the position of the spindles relative to the diameter and part of the nozzle (if the equipment is fully automatic), turning it on and off.

The type of equipment depends on the presence of a hydraulic spindle and joyter in the kit and the number of working tools. These devices sharpen knives directly during processing of the product.

Specifications

After determining the optimal model, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the operational and technical parameters that the round rod machine should have. All manufacturers indicate these characteristics in the equipment passport. Additionally, it is recommended to study reviews of the actual operation of a specific machine model.

Often the round-blade machine has quite large dimensions and weight. This is due to the specifics of its design. A lot of space is occupied by power units, as well as a system for controlling the movement of guide shafts. This must be taken into account when choosing an installation location.

Almost all round rod machines must have the following technical characteristics:

• maximum and minimum diameters of the workpiece, as well as the resulting product;
• feed speed of wooden parts, m/min;
• minimum workpiece length;
• limits of knife shaft rotation speed, rpm;
• number of electric motors and their total power.

The double drive ensures high precision machining. Also, if it is available, only one worker is needed for the normal functioning of the machine.

In addition to proper installation, the circular saw must be maintained according to the manufacturer's instructions. During the entire period of operation, moving parts are lubricated with special compounds, the degree of sharpness of the knives is checked, as well as the initial configuration of the feeding mechanism.

In addition, the blanks are also subject to certain requirements. Initially, their configuration must correspond to the maximum permissible cross-section specified in the passport. Deviations from this parameter should be minimal. In order to prevent the occurrence of emergency situations, the possible presence of steel elements in the structure of the wooden part is checked.

After long-term operation, the surface of the machine must be cleaned of chips and dust. Otherwise, it may cause wear and tear on the equipment.

The video shows a working round rod machine:

1. Popular models
2. Making a sharpening block

A circular saw is equipment for the production of long wooden products with round profiles.

Such products are necessary for equipping hand tools with handles and handles.

In furniture production, such small-diameter parts are also used. The operating principle of the machine can be compared to the operation of an ordinary pencil sharpener.

Price of woodworking machines

You can purchase a four-sided longitudinal milling machine for wood in specialized construction stores. But the most profitable option would be to buy the machine directly from the manufacturer. Naturally, this applies only to domestic units; purchasing foreign ones (Italian, German, Chinese, Thailand, etc.) directly is more expensive, because the price of its transportation will cost more than the cost of the equipment itself. In large cities, for example, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod or Kazan, it is possible to rent equipment from industrial companies or in installments directly from the manufacturer.

Basic moments

The things you need to pay attention to before purchasing equipment are:

• Reliability of operation.
• Accuracy.
• Availability of service.
• Performance.
• Equipment price.

If a woodworking four-sided machine is planned as an addition to an already operating line, then the size of the equipment must also be taken into account.

The price of a four-sided woodworking machine depends on the following factors:

• functionality;
• Class;
• remoteness of the manufacturer;
• manufacturing plant.

It is important to take into account the technical parameters during the purchase, especially the combination of different processing options, operating speed and weight of the equipment.

Any electrical equipment is a machine that can break down and wear out

. Therefore, when purchasing, it is advisable to select the most durable and wear-resistant machine. Thus, you will have to pay for service less often, and there will be much less interruption in work. And the profitability of the work will directly depend on this.

Today, entrepreneurs prioritize not only profit, but also the safety of employees. Therefore, it is important that the equipment has a metal protective casing with sound insulation, limit switches, electric brakes, etc.

Processing of products on equipment must be of the highest quality and precision. statistical and dynamic balancing be done on the device

all fixations of parts: rotating spindles and tools.

There are companies that have just begun to take their place in the domestic market, because their price for this equipment is lower, and the quality is at the proper level. For example, these companies include the German brand beaver. To reduce the cost of its products, the company located production in China and Taiwan, but parts for assembly are made in Germany. Buying a little-known brand made in Taiwan or China is practically a lottery. Moreover, it will be very difficult to find spare parts for this model. Therefore, cheap models do not even need to be considered.

A four-sided woodworking machine is specialized equipment that is used for profiling natural timber. Its samples are indispensable machines at woodworking enterprises; they are also currently used in the furniture and construction industries.

It is with their help that today some types of parquet are produced, as well as moldings and door furniture. Let's look at the four-sided machine in more detail.

Machine equipment design

Today there are round rod machines of different models, different productive capacities and dimensions. The main unit of the machine for making cuttings is a special attachment - a vortex head, which is a block with a through hole. Knives are installed inside the head opening. The knife passage is adjusted in such a way that the wooden blank at the exit turns into a round stick of the required diameter.

Large stationary round-stick machines: kpa 20 50, kp 61, kp 62 and kpa 50, are equipped with a rotating vortex head into which sticks are fed.

The operating scheme of small-sized devices is based on the fact that a rotating workpiece is pulled through installed knives in a stationary unit.

Modification on a moving plate

It is quite difficult to make four-sided woodworking machines with movable plates yourself. In this case, a roller mechanism is selected that can withstand heavy loads. The bed must be made at least 30 cm wide.

The side supports can be fixed on metal corners. To keep the roller mechanism stationary, a pulley is used. In this case, the caliper must be installed after the motor. CNC devices are very rare. The most commonly used are conventional control units. The steady rest itself is of the cam type. After fixing it, the cutter is installed.

Popular models

Let's look at the technical characteristics of popular brands of machine tools:

KP 20-50

The machine is intended for the production of cuttings and similar products of round cross-section from different types of wood. The installed three-knife vortex head in a cast iron body produces products with a diameter of 20 mm to 50 mm.

The KP-61 model produces round wooden products for household tools, sports equipment, furniture and other purposes. Adjusting the cutters allows you to obtain products with a diameter from 10 mm to 50 mm.

Unlike the previous model, KP-62 is equipped with two rows of broaching rollers. The rollers provide increased axial accuracy of entry into the cutting unit. The square profile can be fed at speeds up to 12 m/min. The cross-section of the resulting products ranges from 10 mm to 60 mm.

KPA-50

The KP-50 machine is equipped with two electric motors, thanks to which it is possible to set an increased speed of material processing - 18 m/min. Product diameters range from 20 mm to 50 mm.

The fs round saw is equipped with a powerful vortex head capable of turning wooden beams with a diameter of 18 mm to 160 mm. It is advantageous to operate multi-profile equipment in a factory environment for large volumes of wood production.

To compare the main technical characteristics and cost of the above machines, let’s summarize their indicators in a general table:

Product diameter, mm

Feed speed m/min

Number of knives in the head, pcs

Head rotation speed, rpm

Approximate price, rub

Ideas for crafts using a CNC router

Super crafts made from wood using a CNC milling machine. Features of use and manufacturing instructions.

A CNC milling machine is equipment that allows processing of various materials. Crafts made with CNC milling are popular in different countries. The device is most in demand when processing wood. But it can be used to process other materials as well.

A CNC router ensures the accuracy and quality of manufactured crafts. If you have such a unit, you can start a small business.

Self-production of the machine

In his own backyard, the owner of the house can easily make a woodworking circular machine. A drawing diagram of the machine, the design of which is quite simple, is presented below. To place the equipment, it is necessary to create certain conditions:

1. The machine for cuttings should be placed in a warm, dry utility room (barn). As a power plant, you need to purchase a three-phase electric motor with a power of at least 0.5 kW.
2. The three-phase motor must be connected by an electrician. Power equipment must be grounded.
3. The engine is connected to the network through a shaft speed controller.
4. It is best to make a workbench from metal with a length of at least 2 meters. The table must be grounded.
5. I install a special attachment on the motor shaft. The nozzle is fixed to the shaft with three bolts. On the outside, the part has a hole for attaching wooden blanks.
   The wooden profile is clamped into the attachment with bolts on four sides.
6. Two metal profile guides are installed on the workbench.
7. The head with cutting elements is equipped with support elements that allow the block to move along the guide bars. In this case, the supports should not allow the head to move in the transverse direction.
8. The guide bars are coated with lubricant. Two horizontal transverse handles are inserted into the cutting block, convenient for grasping with your palms.

Operation of homemade equipment

The production of cuttings begins with the wooden beam being firmly fixed in the nozzle. The cutting block is installed on the guide bars. The engine is turned on at reduced speed. The free end of the beam is inserted into the head.

The worker, holding the handles of the cutting block, slowly pushes it onto the rotating beam. To obtain a high-quality surface of the handle, adjust the speed of rotation of the nozzle and the force of pressure on the head.

Homemade equipment is best intended for processing softwood workpieces.

Since the wood processing process is quite dusty, you need to use personal respiratory and vision protection (gauze bandage, respirator, safety glasses).

Some “experts” advise doing without a workbench. The block is held suspended in the hands. This method is far from safe. The slightest longitudinal curvature of the workpiece can cause beating of the beam. The workpiece may break out of the block and cause injury to the worker.

Making a sharpening block

You can make the cutting block yourself. This type of work should be undertaken by a person who has sufficient experience in handling carpentry and plumbing tools.

A homemade head is assembled from oak boards in the shape of a cube. Two knives are placed inside the opening. The cutters are secured with self-tapping screws. The holes in the knives are oval.

This allows you to set the grinding gap to the desired diameter.

To securely fix the knives, lock washers are placed under the heads of the screws. Thanks to their wavy surface, the washers do not allow the cutters to move arbitrarily.

Final processing of cuttings

The resulting cutting is not removed from the nozzle. The block with sandpaper attached is pressed against the rotating handle. By moving the abrasive along the stick, a smooth wood surface is obtained.

The round rod is coated with furniture varnish. The varnish creates reliable protection against moisture and prevents the material from peeling off in the form of sharp splinters.

The resulting cuttings are cut to the required length. For shovels and rakes, the lower end of the handle is cut at an angle of 45 degrees.

Buy a four-sided woodworking machine at a competitive price

How to select and buy a four-sided machine from Beaver, Leadermac, Quadro, QCM, Westwood, Ostermann, Haskovo? Specialists from the KAMI association will advise you. They will also help you compare v-hold planing and molding machines and Borovichi for lining and other moldings, which have nothing in common with the famous Beaver brand. If you want to buy a Winner or Weinig machine, including a used one, then you can choose any four-sided machine from the Beaver or QUADRO line.

You can ask additional questions about 4-sided woodworking machines and get help in choosing equipment by contacting our specialists at the specified phone number.

Design features

All models of circular saws belong to woodworking equipment. Structurally, they consist of a feed unit and a cutting part. Processing of the material occurs by removing excess wood from the surface of the workpiece.

The base is a frame made of cast iron or steel sheets, where the power plant is located, as well as some control elements. The material is supplied to the processing zone through a system of rollers arranged in two rows. To optimize the work process, a similar feeding system is often installed after the material passes through the processing unit. The latter is a shaft on which cutting knives are mounted. During their rotation, a cylindrical part is formed.

Before starting work, the round rod machine must go through certain adjustment stages.

1. Selection of cutting tool. It can be of two types - roughing or for finishing. In the second case, the edges of the blades are smooth.
2. Fixing wooden blanks. For this purpose, faceplates, centers or guide rollers are used. The latter are more popular as they have a wide range of sizes.
3. Setting machine parameters. These include the rotation speed of the cutting tool and the amount of displacement of the wooden part along the guides.

To obtain a good result, it is recommended to do several stages of processing. During the roughing process, the primary layer is removed and the required configuration is formed. During finishing, the part takes on the desired shape. Sanding is often not necessary afterwards.

To fasten cutting tools, it is best to use chucks with sliding jaws. They make it possible to install cutters or blades of various sizes, which will increase the functionality of the equipment.

3 kW modification

A 3 kW machine is quite easy to assemble. In this case, the engine is of the commutator type. However, before installing it, it is important to start assembling the frame. Some experts recommend using, however, metal supports are more reliable.

After fixing the frame, you need to start assembling the caliper. For this, a steady rest with a rotating flywheel is selected. In this case, a cutter should be used of a short length. After fixing the caliper, the steady rest is attached. In order for the workpiece to be securely fixed, a plate is installed. At the end of the work, all that remains is to install the control unit to start the commutator motor.

Specifications

After determining the optimal model, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the operational and technical parameters that the round rod machine should have. All manufacturers indicate these characteristics in the equipment passport. Additionally, it is recommended to study reviews of the actual operation of a specific machine model.

Often the round-blade machine has quite large dimensions and weight. This is due to the specifics of its design. A lot of space is occupied by power units, as well as a system for controlling the movement of guide shafts. This must be taken into account when choosing an installation location.

Almost all round rod machines must have the following technical characteristics:

• maximum and minimum diameters of the workpiece, as well as the resulting product;
• feed speed of wooden parts, m/min;
• minimum workpiece length;
• limits of knife shaft rotation speed, rpm;
• number of electric motors and their total power.

The double drive ensures high precision machining. Also, if it is available, only one worker is needed for the normal functioning of the machine.

In addition to proper installation, the circular saw must be maintained according to the manufacturer's instructions. During the entire period of operation, moving parts are lubricated with special compounds, the degree of sharpness of the knives is checked, as well as the initial configuration of the feeding mechanism.

In addition, the blanks are also subject to certain requirements. Initially, their configuration must correspond to the maximum permissible cross-section specified in the passport. Deviations from this parameter should be minimal. In order to prevent the occurrence of emergency situations, the possible presence of steel elements in the structure of the wooden part is checked.

After long-term operation, the surface of the machine must be cleaned of chips and dust. Otherwise, it may cause wear and tear on the equipment.

The video shows a working round rod machine:

1. Popular models
2. Making a sharpening block

A circular saw is equipment for the production of long wooden products with round profiles.

Such products are necessary for equipping hand tools with handles and handles.

In furniture production, such small-diameter parts are also used. The operating principle of the machine can be compared to the operation of an ordinary pencil sharpener.

Features of 4 Sided Woodworking Machines

In terms of its functionality, a four-sided woodworking machine can perform several jobs simultaneously:

jointing, milling, profiling and thicknessing. That is, as you can see, the design of the machine is quite complex, and we’ll talk about this further.

The machines are typically used to create profiled or flat-faced lumber. A characteristic feature is that all this work can be done in one pass. These four-sided machines can be used to produce the following wooden products: flooring or parquet boards, laminated or profiled timber, skirting boards, lining, imitation timber and any moldings or window elements. A four-sided woodworking machine is one of the types of longitudinal milling equipment. Therefore, all 4-sided wood devices can be divided into:

• Longitudinal milling.
• Thickness planer.

Thicknesser

on wood is used for planing a part to a specified thickness on both sides simultaneously. A four-sided thicknessing machine is initially a planer and additionally has the ability to profile. This device can perform shallow profiling, with a simple design of a small timber lock.

Longitudinal milling is designed for cutting material along the length to a specified size. This woodworking machine can perform profiling of any complexity. Taking into account the thickness of the wood being planed, the lower shaft of the knife moves in the vertical direction simultaneously with the tabletop of the device.

Simultaneous processing of wood from four sides significantly reduces time consumption and, accordingly, increases the productivity of any production. It is this difference that makes the four-sided wood saw the optimal equipment in the construction and furniture industries.

Main criteria

when choosing a woodworking machine:

• timber feeding system and speed;
• cross-section of lumber for possible processing;
• machine weight;
• processing power;
• equipment price.

All four-sided machines can be classified based on the following characteristics:

• presenting material in different ways.

Machine equipment design

Today there are round rod machines of different models, different productive capacities and dimensions. The main unit of the machine for making cuttings is a special attachment - a vortex head, which is a block with a through hole. Knives are installed inside the head opening. The knife passage is adjusted in such a way that the wooden blank at the exit turns into a round stick of the required diameter.

Large stationary round-stick machines: kpa 20 50, kp 61, kp 62 and kpa 50, are equipped with a rotating vortex head into which sticks are fed.

The operating scheme of small-sized devices is based on the fact that a rotating workpiece is pulled through installed knives in a stationary unit.

The most important parts of the machine are cutters (wood knives). The knives are made of steel grade R6M5.

A 12 mm thick cutter is capable of turning a cylindrical wooden rod with a diameter of up to 40 mm inclusive. The 14mm thick knife can cut wood up to 50mm in diameter. A 16 mm thick cutter is used to sharpen round cuttings whose cross-section is 60 mm or more.

The abbreviation in the marking of equipment models means the following: kpa - round rod machine with automatic feeding of workpieces, number - diameter of the output product.

10 kW devices

Four-sided 10 W woodworking machines are common. In order to assemble the device, it is necessary to make a frame with four supports. It is also important to choose a wide slab for the rack. In this case, it makes more sense to install the caliper above the stops. To fix the stand you need to use

Many experts also recommend using screws to improve grip. The guides in the device are attached behind the caliper. Ultimately, it should not touch the center plate. If necessary, the guides can always be cut. To fix the protective shield, you will have to use a welding machine. It is more expedient to select CNC. They are quite expensive. At the end of the work, all that remains is to secure the cutter.

Self-production of the machine

In his own backyard, the owner of the house can easily make a woodworking circular machine. A drawing diagram of the machine, the design of which is quite simple, is presented below. To place the equipment, it is necessary to create certain conditions:

1. The machine for cuttings should be placed in a warm, dry utility room (barn). As a power plant, you need to purchase a three-phase electric motor with a power of at least 0.5 kW.
2. The three-phase motor must be connected by an electrician. Power equipment must be grounded.
3. The engine is connected to the network through a shaft speed controller.
4. It is best to make a workbench from metal with a length of at least 2 meters. The table must be grounded.
5. I install a special attachment on the motor shaft. The nozzle is fixed to the shaft with three bolts. On the outside, the part has a hole for attaching wooden blanks.
   The wooden profile is clamped into the attachment with bolts on four sides.
6. Two metal profile guides are installed on the workbench.
7. The head with cutting elements is equipped with support elements that allow the block to move along the guide bars. In this case, the supports should not allow the head to move in the transverse direction.
8. The guide bars are coated with lubricant. Two horizontal transverse handles are inserted into the cutting block, convenient for grasping with your palms.

Operation of homemade equipment

The production of cuttings begins with the wooden beam being firmly fixed in the nozzle. The cutting block is installed on the guide bars. The engine is turned on at reduced speed. The free end of the beam is inserted into the head.

The worker, holding the handles of the cutting block, slowly pushes it onto the rotating beam. To obtain a high-quality surface of the handle, adjust the speed of rotation of the nozzle and the force of pressure on the head.

Homemade equipment is best intended for processing softwood workpieces.

Since the wood processing process is quite dusty, you need to use personal respiratory and vision protection (gauze bandage, respirator, safety glasses).

Some “experts” advise doing without a workbench. The block is held suspended in the hands. This method is far from safe. The slightest longitudinal curvature of the workpiece can cause beating of the beam. The workpiece may break out of the block and cause injury to the worker.

Making a sharpening block

You can make the cutting block yourself. This type of work should be undertaken by a person who has sufficient experience in handling carpentry and plumbing tools.

A homemade head is assembled from oak boards in the shape of a cube. Two knives are placed inside the opening. The cutters are secured with self-tapping screws. The holes in the knives are oval.

This allows you to set the grinding gap to the desired diameter.

To securely fix the knives, lock washers are placed under the heads of the screws. Thanks to their wavy surface, the washers do not allow the cutters to move arbitrarily.

Model with lower caliper location

A homemade four-sided woodworking machine with a lower support position has large dimensions. However, such models allow you to process long boards. In this case, the motors are installed asynchronous type with a power of 5 kW or more. CNC blocks are used to control the processing process. Racks in devices are often made of steel angles. Modifications with are rare. In order to make a model yourself, you need to select a high-quality plate.

Many experts recommend choosing a short length. It should weigh no more than 15 kg. Then there will be no strong pressure on the racks. In this case, the support is installed next to the pin. The guides themselves are mounted in a horizontal position. To prevent the cutter from rubbing against the work area, a steady rest is used. In many modifications it is used as a cam type.

Main parameters

The main characteristics of tenoning machines include:

• maximum diameter of the workpiece being processed
• largest tenon width
• largest tenon diameter
• type of thorn
• spindle speed
• engine power level
• dimensions and weight.

The main requirement for a tenon cutting machine is high precision operations. Otherwise, the parts will not match each other and the connection will not work.

Tenoning machines are used:

• processing of calibrated panels, chipboards
• trimming the perimeter of door panels, window frames
• floorboard treatment
• creation of parquet.

Some features of use:

• On large production conveyors, such machines are mounted on the ceiling. As an additional equipment, there are clamping devices that accept workpieces and scoring saws. The workpiece falls on the miter saws, and therefore is processed by two milling supports.
• the feed speed of the workpiece can be smoothly adjusted using a variator
• To ensure high-quality processing, the spindle speed must be 7000 rpm
• The length of the guide can be 2, 2.5 or 3 meters
• the design makes it possible to use several different tools for wood processing
• the equipment can be additionally equipped with a pneumatic clamping mechanism and a working surface extension.

Operating principle of the MULTICUT tenoning and slotting machine:

The equipment is a CNC horizontal milling machine. The workpiece is placed on the work table and fixed with clamps.

The product is processed using wood cutters of various configurations, installed in a high-speed spindle of the machine. The spindle is placed on a carriage movable in three planes. The width of the processing area is 800mm, the height relative to the table is 100mm, the processing depth of the product is up to 120mm.

The equipment is driven by stepper drives controlled by a CNC system.

Programs for creating a tongue-and-groove connection or inserting a lock are performed on a personal computer and take several minutes. A set of programs for performing standard operations can be stored in the machine's hand-held control panel. To start any operation, just select from the list and run the corresponding program.

The machine is equipped with removable stops for positioning workpieces, bench clamps, and a set of collets for installing cutters.

Additional information about the production of equipment and components used is in the “Our production” section.

In the production of furniture and carpentry, parts are most often fastened together with a tenon. There are several types of tenon joints: dovetail, box, round and oval, which allow you to fasten parts at the required angle or lengthen them. The spike is a rather complex element, for the manufacture of which a special type of equipment has been developed.

DIY CNC router

A CNC router is a relatively expensive device. When implementing business projects, the availability of start-up capital may be limited, and the purchase of such equipment will require significant costs. A DIY milling machine will solve the problem.

The unit is produced on a circular table and a drilling machine. Renting tools will save you money. The machines themselves can be made of plastic. It is sold in construction stores.

The assembly of a CNC router is carried out in several stages:

• creating a diagram, processing material, drilling load-bearing holes;
• manufacturing load-bearing blocks using a circular saw and drill (identical parts are produced that are connected and form a block);
• cutting parts that form the base frame;
• assembly of base parts by drilling;
• installation of racks and spacers;
• manufacturing a threaded rod from a nut and a spring;
• installation of the milling part;
• assembling a table for work (the table is assembled from high-strength materials in convenient sizes);
• production of couplings (plastic can be used);
• production of engine brackets (you can use a metal profile);
• assembly and testing of the unit.

The control of the machines is carried out thanks to the program. The most suitable one is "kcam". The motor drivers are connected to the LPT. Another suitable program is the arduino numerical software. It assumes the presence of firmware and interface. No code is required to run. Milling is carried out along the contour to a given depth, or using a laser. Standard firmware for a router does not require software. When working with the device, you should pay attention to safety rules.

Review and comparison of models

In the process of making furniture and carpentry, the component parts are often connected to each other “tenon-to-tenon”. There are several types of tenon joints: dovetail, box, round and oval, allowing you to mount parts at the required angle or extend them. A tenon is a rather complex element to make, for which special equipment has been created - a tenon-cutting machine.

Principle of operation

box type spikes

The workpiece is placed on the work surface and cut to size, after which lugs and tenons are formed. The frame is a cast rigid structure with clamping devices. It is equipped with a column with working heads on which you can put an eyeboard, saws or cutters.

To prevent the workpiece from splitting during processing, an automatic device applies a layer of glue. This prevents chipping. In addition, tenoning machines may have a trimming mechanism for trimming the ends of parts.

In the serial production of furniture, a CNC wood tenoning machine is used, which creates any type of tenon joints. They are easy to set up and do not require lengthy staff training. There are milling machines with tenoning carriages that are convenient for small-scale production.